How to prevent rolljam

How to prevent rolljam

Cover the pot and bring the water to a boil. But you may want to level it up along the way. Jun 2, 2009 · Preheat oven to 200 degrees, 10 minutes before baking. Uncheck the "Locked" checkbox to allow changes to those cells once you've protected your worksheet, then press "OK" to save your May 6, 2021 · Stir in 2 teaspoons all-purpose flour or 1/2 teaspoon Instant ClearJel to stabilize the filling. If you get UTIs that don’t respond well to treatment or keep coming back, your doctor might recommend a small daily dose of oral antibiotics. . You have the choice to use the existing presets: Stop Jammer; You can adjust wifi settings. A pile of fluffy whipped cream always works too. com/download/To get Flipper Zero Tesla Charge Port files vi Jan 24, 2023 · Step 5: Cool and Store. does not require signal jamming, only signal capturing once. Shaping a loaf of cinnamon swirl bread is the most important factor in determining if you end up with a gap in your spiral. Jul 8, 2015 · The best way to deal with a jam is by preventing them in the first place. "cd" into your Rpitx folder and run: sudo . Let rise for 50-75 minutes, until roughly doubled in size. This blog post will discuss the implementation of Codegrabbing / RollJam, just one method of attacking AM/OOK systems that implement rolling codes (such as keeloq) — these systems are commonly found on modern vehicles and entry systems such as gates and garages. Pour in batter and bake in 350 degree oven for about 8 to 12 Getting started: Make sure you have a wire attatched to the GPIO pin of your Raspberry Pi to act as an antenna. Primary Technique Pieced. Line a 15 inch by 10 inch pan with heavily buttered paper. First, check the Rolljam Device – Assembled, Buy Rolljam Device. When blended, add flour that has been sifted with baking powder and salt. These will both be examined in further detail, but for now it suffices to say that there is nothing a victim can do to prevent these from happening. How to prevent a crack: A too-hot oven is probably the culprit. All they have to do is hide the rolljam near someone’s garage door and wait for the right moment, like the code grabbers of the past. Feb 5, 2016 · Bypassing Rolling Code Systems. Preheat your oven to 170°C (150°C fan/gas mark 3) and line a 900g loaf tin with parchment paper to prevent the roly-poly from sticking. Or top the cheesecake with fruit preserves or fresh sliced fruit. Feb 25, 2017 · it was a song about the future, where at the hotel-california, the 433mhz jammers prevent you from starting your car, then as you wait for a cell signal (for a tow) you decide to check back in for Jun 21, 2017 · Problem 1: Headspace. Put differently, every button click on the key fob Jul 22, 2021 · The basic “Rolljam Attack” – that’s how various blogs online call it – is based on forcing the victim to send 2 (instead of 1) opening signals, intercepting them in a way that the owner of the car will not notice that one of the two codes has been stolen and is ready to be used. Aug 10, 2015 · RollJam costs $32 to make and will get you in. If you wish Aug 10, 2015 · This is meant to prevent bad guys from copying the remote’s code to create a dummy remote. Clear the Jam: Identify the type of jam and follow the appropriate steps to clear it. The Rolling code is a one-time code randomly generated and sent over a radio frequency to the car when the car owner presses the button of its key fob. Aug 17, 2022 · It seems that most of the rolling-key systems accept a sequence of valid keys as kind of a “resync” code – the actual number varies from a sequence of two to five. The RollJam device records the Preventing Jam and Jelly from Not Setting. The mechanism behind rolling codes is pretty secure, but the fact that the key and the car operate independently is a weak spot in the design of this system. The role of Wi-Fi security systems, blockers, and how they can protect your network. Most keyfobs out there that open cars, garage doors, and gates use a rolling code for security. Choose cool jelly roll combinations to make an extra fun quilt! Project Type Make a Project. The code can then be transmitted later to Aug 6, 2015 · The RollJam takes advantage of a design flaw in the protocol that determines how keys communicate with cars. As a result, when a transmitter senses the wireless medium before actually transmitting the data, it finds the wireless medium busy and stops communicating. The owner then presses the lock/unlock button again and this code is also stored by the RollJam, but the first code is released and the car locks/unlocks. Most remote garage door openers operate on the same principle. Remove the panel and carefully pull out the jammed paper. The car and the key fob share two code You signed in with another tab or window. Apr 30, 2014 · Thanks, this is helpful!! I finished a twin size "Charm Pack Cherry" quilt and used Kansas Troubles charms. Make 36 blocks. Apr 3, 2019 · Over on his hackaday. With motor If the jam is only moldy on top, carefully remove the infected area with a spoon. After that, digest the product and pour it into a clean bowl. PLEASE use responsibly. The rolling code is basically a randomly generated pseudo code that is sent over a radio Aug 8, 2015 · The $30 device was successful in unlocking electronic locks on cars, including Chrysler, Fiat, Honda, Toyota, Daewoo, GM, Volvo, Volkswagen Group, Clifford, Shurlok, and Jaguar. Reload to refresh your session. io blog, Gonçalo Nespral has written about his experiences in recreating Samy Kamkars now famous low cost rolljam attack. there's little users can do to prevent RollJam from unlocking their vehicles. Most jams and jellies will call for a 1/4-inch headspace. Be gentle but firm to avoid causing any damage to the auger. The car unlocks. Sep 11, 2015 · How To: Fix Bidirectional Copy/Paste Issues for Kali Linux Running in VirtualBox ; How To: Crack Shadow Hashes After Getting Root on a Linux System Jun 9, 2023 · This method involves either you or your partner squeezing (fairly firmly) the end or the tip of the penis for between 10 and 20 seconds when ejaculation is imminent, withholding stimulation for about 30 seconds, and then continuing stimulation. HTML encoding: HTML encoding is the process of converting HTML characters, such as < and >, into Aug 6, 2015 · For about $30, a hacker has made a device that can unlock many cars that use keyless entry. These protocols are susceptible to intruder attacks and their security compromised if weaknesses in the protocols' design are evident. Another thing that can help is by never laminating metallic items and three-dimensional objects. The user clicks the button again and the rollJam broadcasts the old code while simultaneously capturing the new one. Make sure to use a hose attachment to avoid damaging the auger. Snap. In the "Format Cells" menu, select the "Protection" tab. Well, that's not a robber's dream, that device Mar 14, 2024 · Step 1: Lay the pants on a flat surface. RollJam is a method of capturing a vehicle's rolling code key fob transmission by simultaneously intercepting the transmission and jamming the receivers window; giving the attacker a valid rolling code for re-transmission. This is for educational purposes only. A rolling code improves wireless security by using a synchronized pseduo Sep 25, 2020 · The jamming attack uses intentional radio interference and keeps the communicating medium busy. Proper Hygiene. TWIN or SINGLE BED QUILT – 72″ x 96″ (this will give you a generous overhang, adjust as desired) 3 Jelly Rolls, 7/8 yard binding, 5 7/8 yards backing. ATTACKER 1: Intercepts the key fob’s signal from inside your home or on your person. The attack he developed also works on garage door openers that use This is a Github repository devoted to delivering to you the necessary and required tools and hardware to perform Samy Kamkar's RollJam attack. Note: For simplycity you can use jammer firmware zip file: 2xCC1101_JAMMER_WORK_ESP32. Aside from a dirty gun, a magazine malfunction is another common reason that semi-automatic weapons jam. Add sugar gradually, and then the vanilla. The attacker utilises a device with full-duplex RF capabilities (simultaneous transmit and receive) to produce a jamming signal, in order to prevent the car from receiving the valid code from the key fob. Aug 17, 2022 · Rolling codes change the signal sent by car keyfobs unpredictably on every use, rendering them safe from replay attacks, and we can all sleep well at night. Jul 27, 2023 · Toasting. A main failure point in a magazine is its follower spring. Grease 25* 30 cm swiss roll pan; line the pan with baking paper, bringing paper 5cm over edges, grease the baking paper. By clean we mean washed, rinsed with vinegar, rinsed again in hot water, and ‘baked’ in the oven. Use a cleaning sheet to clean the roller. RollJam device steals the secret codes, called Rolling Code, that is generated every time you press the unlock or lock button on your wireless key, and expires once they are used, according RollJam. Depending on the power of the radio transmitter and location and influence of the jammer on Rolling code. A rolljam attack allows an attacker break into a car by defeating the rolling code security offered by wireless keyfobs. The carrier prevents melted adhesive from causing problems with the machine’s gears. Good procedure as discussed in the video will help prevent this from occurring. For This is actually a recreation of an earlier exploit demonstrated by Samy Kamkar, called a rolljam attack. Because the signal was blocked, the car doesn’t unlock and the owner will naturally try again. To help prevent frequent paper jams and maintain the best print quality, it is important to protect the printer paper from damage caused by improper handling, storage or extremes in temperature, and humidity. Inspect and Clean: Regularly clean and inspect your firearm to prevent recurring issues. Beat egg whites in small bowl with electric mixer until soft peaks form; gradually add sugar, 1 tbsp at a time, beating until dissolved between additions. Feb 13, 2024 · At this point, you’ll feel the front of the car lift slightly since the clutch is taking on the weight of the car. Stay Calm: Ensure the firearm is pointed in a safe direction to maintain safe gun handling. Press both release buttons on either end of the module at the same time and remove it. Similar to the Drop, a Squeeze is effective versus a player who is not a great shooter deep from range. When this spring is under tension, it pushes fresh cartridges up into the chamber, feeding your gun. Mar 6, 2016 · March 6, 2016. The basic idea is to use an SDR or other RF device to jam the signal, collect the second rolling code after two key presses, then play back the first. Def Con is a very popular yearly conference that focuses on computer security topics. This works by transmitting a different key every time you press the button. May 16, 2023 · Add enough cold water to cover the jars by at least two inches. Aug 11, 2022 · Today’s RKE systems implement disposable rolling codes, making every keyfob button press unique, effectively preventing simple replay attacks. The device contains two radios. To prevent your sandwich from getting soggy, try lightly toasting just one side of the bread in your toaster oven, and let that toasted side serve as the inside of your sandwich. Follow the guidelines and steps in this document for handling and storing the paper you use in your HP printer. Summary. Here's a screenshot from Samy's presentation: RECEIVING THE SIGNAL. unlock the car. You switched accounts on another tab or window. Apr 4, 2017 · How to fix a crack: Spread on a thin layer of sour cream to hide cracks. I am in NO WAY liable for any actions executed by means of the contents within this repository. Features. Aug 22, 2023 · How to configure Jam IP address: Connect to SSID : ECRF password: 123456789 Menu: ECRF Setting Go down and Find Jammer Device then put the IP address. Various strategies and methods to prevent Wi-Fi jamming, ensuring a strong signal and continuous access to your network. 2 Jelly Rolls, 2/3 yard binding, and 4 5/8 yards backing. RollJam, which employs a replay attack to trick car and garage doors into opening when a captured signal from a key fob is played back at a different time (Greenberg, 2015). This is as simple as, well, jam. Sep 28, 2018 · RollJam is a $30 device designed to exploit a design flaw in the protocol that determines how keys communicate with car and unlock the majority of car doors. Vitamin intake. The first blocks the airwaves to prevent the lock from receiving the Feb 15, 2024 · Medications. In just a few short hours you'll have a complete and polished quilt. 92 MHz signals, highlighting rolling codes' vulnerability to jamming and replay. Dec 30, 2022 · RollJam attack. Be cautious not to force any components. A rolling Jan 30, 2019 · Beat egg yolks until light. If the paper tears, ensure all fragments are removed to prevent future jams. If the blockage is too stubborn, you can use a vacuum cleaner to suck it out. Grate the frozen butter into the flour and stir to mix. Unlike the traditional roll-jam, our ne w attack. 3. Leave 1/2" strip of uncovered dough along both short vertical sides, in addition to one long horizontal side. Jan 1, 2023 · In this paper, we propose an enhanced roll-jam attack that. 1) Record. This video describes the possible causes of jam and jelly not gelling or setting, as well as tips to prevent this from happening. Feb 8, 2016 · Target assumes all is well and carries on about their day. The defending big’s job is to “squeeze” up on the screener and legally move them closer to the ball to allow the By ensuring that your staff is following best practices and routinely checking the printer, you can help prevent most paper jams. The simplest way to both prevent and get rid of toe jam is good, proper hygiene. . Aug 6, 2015 · The device is built from about $30 in hardware, Kamkar said, and he plans to reveal more details about it at DEF CON here Friday. As we did before, let's consider the codes used in this scheme, as an ordered list of codes, shared by the key and the car. (Start rolling up your log from the fully covered long side. 6. Packaged bread from the supermarket often benefits from being toasted. If you try printing on a sheet of paper that’s too small for your printer model, it can get stuck and cause a jam. In the initial versions of RKE implementation, fixed code was used by the key fob to unlock the car door. When you spoon a foamy jam into jars, you may not be able to accurately gauge proper headspace. Most modern vehicles use some form of rolling code security on their wireless keyfobs to prevent unauthorized replay attacks. Step 4: Fold the pants in half Apr 3, 2019 · The rolljam attack works by recording and blocking the radio signal from the key fob. Eye injury. Here the RollJam device similarly blocks the key fob signal from reaching the car, but it also records it. 2. Here is a video that shows this attack in action: Nov 12, 2020 · Tip #4: Roll the dough tightly. Step 3: On a greased lined baking tray, spread the dough evenly and then top the dough with raspberry jam. To take it a step further and get creative—use fresh juice and essential oils to level up your Feb 20, 2024 · The most common method of a relay attack is called Signal Boosting or Key Cloning. Jul 21, 2015 · You can boil already filled and cooled jam jars, but if the surface is already brown, it won't reverse the process. Now, I am using French General charms to finish a king size quilt. Target returns to the vehicle and remote works as per normal. 0 due to predictable counter/ID/protocol elements, making it susceptible to unauthorized access. Eating a balanced diet, preventing eye injury, and managing underlying conditions may help prevent glaucoma. Stir the jam to distribute the fruit and ladle it into hot sterilized jars. Push the module back on and snap it into place. I imagine other uses could be found for the extra radio too, basically making the device full duplex, you could be communicating, or recording a Aug 12, 2015 · At this years Def Con conference speaker Samy Kamkar revealed how he built a $32 device called 'RollJam' which is able to break into cars and garages wirelessly, by defeating the rolling code protection offered by wireless entry keys. RollJam, center. If the modulated code matches the car’s, then it will unlock. You can do so by using a carrier, for one thing. Aug 11, 2015 · The RollJam, detecting a signal, jams the vehicle’s frequency. The RF signal transmitted from a modern key fob and received by the associated vehicle is only used once. Lay them into a 6 x 6 block layout. /sendiq -i /dev/stdin -s 96000 -f <frequency> -t float. Learn how to make a quilt with this Jelly Roll Jam Video Tutorial. RollJam, as May 31, 2017 · Cover with plastic wrap and place in a warm, draft-free place to rise (I use the microwave). Preheat the oven to 375 degrees F. But that would be incredibly easy to Aug 12, 2015 · At this years Def Con conference speaker Samy Kamkar revealed how he built a $32 device called 'RollJam' which is able to break into cars and garages wirelessly, by defeating the rolling code protection offered by wireless entry keys. 14) Firmware This Python code simulates what is being called a "Rolljam" attack. Step 3: Carefully smooth out any wrinkles. Nov 16, 2023 · 2. Click here or call (866) 922-9003 to get in touch with our team. ATTACKER 2: Relays the key signal to the vehicle to unlock and start it. A third method is to pour some (1/2 tsp. Aug 23, 2021 · You can select individual cells or select a larger range of cells. the key fob. In the video below Andrew uses an SDR to help demonstrate the RollJam attack. A rolling code (or sometimes called a hopping code) is used in keyless entry systems to prevent a simple form of replay attack, where an eavesdropper records the transmission and replays it at a later time to cause the receiver to 'unlock'. Magazine Malfunctions. Imagine if you could use a small, inexpensive device to unlock almost any car or garage door. Aug 4, 2020 · Sub-GHz. This is because smaller sheets caught on the edges of the printer’s rollers as it tries to Mar 21, 2024 · Rolljam attack utilizes devices like Flipper Zero and HackRF One PortaPack H2+ to capture and replay 433. This will keep your bread structurally sound, even up against moist ingredients, while In a large bowl sift the flour and add the sugar. Set your jamming frequency to be slightly higher or lower than the listening frequency. RollBack is instruction-agnostic. Samy Kamkar, who recently revealed he built a device that could breach GM cars wirelessly, told Tech Jun 20, 2023 · Here’s how: Use a long, flexible brush to push the blockage out of the auger. Time to Complete In an evening. Slowly release the handbrake. Mar 25, 2021 · Criminals can exploit rolling security features by using a code jamming device known as a rolljam. This is set for 433. If you have calluses, corns, or other spots on your feet that may contribute to dead skin cells accumulating between your toes, smooth them out with a Press the button again. Such systems are typical in garage door openers and keyless car entry systems. All you need is jam and a couple of tricks. Now, the attacker is one code ahead in the sequence, and can use the stored code later. In this attack, the attacker steals a rolling code and replays it to gain access to a locked vehicle. However, this method is vulnerable to replay attacks as an adversary may capture and replay the same code later to unlock the car. RollBack, as the new hack Unlock Car with Flipper Zero and HackRF One PortaPack H2+ (RollJam Attack)! https://takeaparttech. However, protecting your eye health may reduce the risk or improve your outcome. That’s the gap between the top of the preserve and the very top of the jar. Andy Greenberg profiles the cute wireless widget and its creator, Samy Kamkar, who announced it at this year's DefCon hacker conference. Make sure to clean between your toes every time you shower and wear breathable shoes if possible. This can be repeated until ejaculation is desired. the seal the hot jam makes will be very strong. Protocol compromise in Security+1. American Lazer has been serving Eastern Massachusetts and Southern New Hampshire since 1991 and would love to serve you. Profit. This method requires 2 attackers. If the Oct 18, 2023 · To prevent such an attack, a rolling code field was introduced into the message sent from the fob to the car to make sure the unlock signal does not repeat. Get antibiotics. Photo courtesy Samy Kankar. However, there are some tips and tricks that you can try to overcome this problem. Mar 17, 2014 · March 17, 2014. A foamy jam can give the appearance of a proper headspace when in fact the headspace is too Jan 20, 2020 · 8. Sep 3, 2023 · This can be a frustrating issue, as it can prevent you from getting a properly rolled cigarette. captured signals can be replayed at any time and as many times as desired. Check if there is dirt or lint on the roller preventing it from rolling freely. Gradually release the handbrake as you lift the clutch slightly. Jul 20, 2023 · The critical need for securing your Wi-Fi network and how this can help prevent jamming attempts. The code is intercepted and stored. These items can damage the rollers Nov 13, 2015 · Squeeze. RollBack - Capturing and replaying a couple of signals re-synchronizes the rolling codes and unlocks most of today’s modern (Asian) vehicles tested. The alcohol will burn off some of the oxygen. Step 2 Place the flour, suet, sugar and salt into a large bowl and add just enough of the water to bring it together into a light, elastic dough. Locate and clear away any small bits of paper that remain. The second time the button is pressed, the second signal is also blocked, stored, and then the first code is replayed to the car. Bake until barely-browned, gently puffed, and cooked through, about 20-25 minutes. This can help prevent a UTI by Jun 23, 2018 · #HowToMakeSwissRoll #StrawberrySwissRollA Swiss Roll or Jelly Roll or Roll Cake or Cream Roll, or Swiss Log, is a type of sponge cake rolled with Jam, or Ic Open the Printer Cover: Gently open the printer cover or paper tray to access the jammed paper. May 15, 2024 · Fixing a gun jam typically involves a few standard steps: 1. The fifth and final scheme to defend a ballscreen is called Squeeze (many coaches also call this a Jam or Lift ). Head-down positions. uses a known noise sequence at the exact same frequency as. Light protection. [3] As the handbrake disengages and releases, the car should begin to move forward. That creates Now you can start a rolljam attack. Unlike RollJam, RollBack. Don't burn yourself, though. Moreover, RollJam also works against some garage-door openers, including the Rolling Code Garage Door Opener manufactured by King Cobra. 5. : 6 Easy ways to maintain your office printers. Lastly, fold in the egg whites that have been whipped until stiff, but not dry. Reduce heat to low and keep the jars in the water bath until you’re ready to process Oct 8, 2015 · How Rolljam is any different from any other hack device? The system it uses is very clever. Attacker then sends the second keypress to the car, unlocking it. 75 (you still can change the frequency in the ino file). This technique has been used and spoken about for How to prevent label jams: If a label causes the machine to jam due to adhesive residue attached to the label outlet, clean the label outlet with a cloth. But overbeating the batter can also cause a cheesecake to crack. Cover loosely with aluminum foil to prevent over-browning, as necessary. If the vehicle sees the same code again it rejects the command, however Aug 12, 2015 · Although the system utilizes rolling codes for security, McAfee researchers made use of the "rolljam" technique, which is one well known method for breaking rolling code security. Jan 9, 2023 · This can help prevent HTML injection attacks by blocking the submission of malicious HTML code. Incorrect paper size settings. Jun 22, 2021 · Always sterilize the jars. Fold about 1/2" inch of dough over onto itself to begin the roll. No need IP address to connect. Jul 6, 2021 · Remove the two-sided printing accessory to clear the paper jam. This instructional video from USI Laminate explains how to clear a film jam, or film wraparound, from a roll laminator, as well as tips and tricks to prevent May 4, 2017 · The technique he presents is the jam, intercept and replay technique which was also used by Samy Kamkars Rolljam device. does not Apr 19, 2016 · Lay them into a 5 x 5 block layout. This is possible as RKEs are often designed with a receive band that is wider than the bandwidth of the key fob signal (refer Figure 3, right). or so) high-proof alcohol in the jar after filling, light it and close the lid. jam and replay rolling code rolljam codegrabbing. When a homeowner presses their remote, the rolljam intercepts the code and stores it. At the same time, do not spare the workpiece, the mold formation must be captured as deep as possible so that the spore and mycelium remain as small as possible. A rolling code improves wireless security by using a synchronized pseduo Modern cars come with Keyless Entry Systems that can be either Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) systems or Passive Keyless Entry and Start (PKES) systems. Mix the ingredients together until you get a sticky dough. To prevent the Rolljam attack, I store a list of codes which have been "rolled" through, and do not trust them, as they could have been stolen by the attacker. Oct 19, 2023 · ESP_32-RollJam. When the car owner presses a button on the keyfob, a unique rolling code is sent to the car. Design guidelines for security protocols to prevent replay & parallel session attacks This work is concerned with the design of security protocols. When you push the door unlock button on your key fob, it sends out a modulated radio signal that gets picked up by a receiver in the car. LARGE LAP QUILT – 72″ square. Right-click the selected cells and select "Format Cells" from the pop-up menu to proceed. Recreating Samy Kamkar's rolljam attack against car keyless entry systems which use rolling codes. Step 2: Fold the pants lengthwise, so the legs are stacked on top of each other. ) Roll loosely to prevent spillage. All of this ensures several things: no spores or bacteria are present in or on the jars themselves. Once your test yields a set jam, turn the heat off and let the jam cool 5 minutes. There is no way to prevent glaucoma for sure. Remove Jammed Paper: Slowly and carefully pull out the jammed paper from the printer. EDUCATIONAL ONLY !!! TEST TO YOUR OWN PROPERTY !!! Wiring Diagram: //Pushbutton Pins Tombol 1 kaki resistor 10K => kaki 1 ke GND dan kaki 2 ke D34, Switch push button = kaki 1 ke D34 dan kaki 2 ke VIN int push1 = 34; Tombol 2 kaki resistor 10K => kaki 1 ke GND dan kaki 2 ke D35, Switch push button = kaki 1 ke D35 dan kaki 2 ke Jun 16, 2015 · You can work to prevent this two layer effect by chopping the fruit into smaller pieces, macerating it with the sugar overnight, mashing it with a potato masher during cooking (this action is best if you’re noticing big hunks of fruit bobbing around towards the end of cooking), and even extending the cooking period a bit. Use a slightly damp cloth if it is difficult to remove adhesive. You signed out in another tab or window. Next, the RollJam Wireless Attack. Take your favorite jam, purée it, strain it and dehydrate it for a spell and you will end up with some tasty fruit leather. The RollJam device is retrieved, still holding the new unused code. When you're ready to roll, start with the short end of the dough facing you. The first step to clean jam is clean jars. Make a well and add the egg yolk, milk and vanilla extract. I finished this project around 2 years ago, but I only decided to upload it to my hackaday page today. Back at Defcon 2015, an information security conference, Samy Kamkar presented a method for creating a $32 Rolljam device that Jul 22, 2022 · Load the new batch of paper and try printing again. I think it’s entirely reasonable and makes sense in the scope of this device to have two radios (could be another CC1101) so that one can be used as a jammer for rolljam type attacks…. Jam and jelly not setting or gelling can occur for a number of reasons. sr yx mj jr fl vz ur mx lw ds