Settimeout dom xss

Bug bounty programs operated by PayPal, Shopify, Atlassian, Microsoft, GitLab, and Yahoo were notified, among others. May 23, 2024 · Use Burp's browser to visit your target website. When writing plain JavaScript, you must be careful what changes are made to the DOM and what you pass to "eval ()", "new Function ()", "setTimeout ()" and "setInterval ()". You won't have the same issues with, for instance, document. Bypassing the strict CSP. DOM Based XSS and Adding HTML Elements. A DOM-based XSS attack is possible if the web application writes data to the Document Object Model without proper sanitization. Hay dos grupos distintos de secuencias de comandos entre sitios. 83. It's happening already. PHP Sanitizing for XSS (PHP xss过滤) 以下代码只用于阻止每个上下文中的xss，只要输入不返回在非分隔字符串、反勾号中间或任何其他类似于eval的函数（JS上下文中的所有函数）中。但是它不防止基于DOM的XSS，只防止基于源代码的XSS。 Dec 29, 2010 · 5. getSettings (). setTimeout(hideMenu, 200, params); Since you're already using jQuery, you shouldn't make a separate function, but extend jQuery's prototype instead, like this: jQuery. getElementById(). DOM-Based XSS. write, setTimeout. More than 60 instances of a web security flaw in the Swagger-UI library that potentially leads to account takeover have been reported to impacted organizations. Domgoat has 10 exercises of Dom XSS. g. It Jan 18, 2023 · Background. The attacker doesn't need to break out of the string literal to have their code executed. DOM clobbering is particularly useful in cases where XSS is not possible, but you can control some HTML on a page where the attributes id or name are whitelisted by the HTML filter. Inject a malicious script into a property that is considered susceptible to DOM-based XSS attacks. S5334 Dynamic code execution should not be vulnerable to injection attacks. location Nov 4, 2023 · TLDR: XSS attacks allow javascript code to be injected into the DOM of a website and then run directly. The user is able to control the URL with the help of the hash-symbol #. If we add that symbol to a URL the browser will not include that characters that Jan 8, 2017 · Using the technique outlined above with the XSS, you can begin stealing passwords from employees who use password managers’ autofill feature. Viewed 3k times 0 Here's my index. Source. location; that was recommended to be added for legacy click jack protection. Sep 13, 2023 · DOM-based XSS is a type of XSS attack that exploits the vulnerability in the client-side code that interacts with the DOM. location. HTML 5 Local Storage. outerHTML. The page itself (i. Jun 27, 2023 · S5696 DOM updates should not lead to cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks. - OWASP/CheatSheetSeries Jan 12, 2012 · No. 1 DOM Based XSS DOM Based XSS脆弱性が生まれる原因 外部からHTMLタグを挿入して、DOMを操作している evalなどの機能で、外部からJavaScriptを実行している XMLHttpRequestリクエストのURLが未検証である Location. innerHTML. Jan 18, 2023 · What is DOM based XSS? The Document Object Model (DOM) allows web developers to dictate through HTML source code how a user’s web browser should display a web page. Unlike reflected and stored XSS , which occurs when the server sends malicious code to the browser as part of the HTTP response, DOM-based XSS occurs entirely on the client-side, without any server interaction. /action/searchFun. innerHTML that can execute arbitrary JavaScript code. DOM XSS. That is, the page itself (the HTTP 3 days ago · Working with asynchronous functions. Sinks are potentially dangerous endpoints where malicious data can lead to adverse effects, such as script Reflected and Stored XSS are server side injection issues while DOM based XSS is a client (browser) side injection issue. You can even convert that to a jQuery element (I think), so something like this $(document. Although it’s technically possible to solve this lab manually, we recommend using DOM Invader as this will save you a considerable amount of time and effort. 为了更好的理解dom型xss，先了解一下dom，毕竟dom型xss就是基于dom文档对象模型的。对于浏览器来说，dom文档就是一份xml文档，当有了这个标准的技术之后，通过javascript就可以轻松的访问它们了。 下面举例一个dom将html代码转化成树状结构： Aug 8, 2019 · We simply need to add the appropriate CORS response headers to our C2 server: Access-Control-Allow-Origin: https://demoapp. Using an intervalled call, at some time the div will be present and can be used. The XSS can be divided into the following three categories: 1) Reflected XSS. 15. The Discovery and Exploitation of Self-XSS DomGoat - DOM Security Learning Platform. To clear a timeout, use the id returned from setTimeout (): myTimeout = setTimeout ( function, milliseconds ); Then you can to stop the execution by calling clearTimeout (): DOM-based XSS. If this value was set to javascript:alert('xss') by an attacker then the line. Also, XSS attacks always execute in the browser. DOM-based XSS vulnerabilities usually arise when JavaScript takes data from an attacker-controllable source, such as the URL, and passes it to a sink that supports dynamic code execution, such as eval() or innerHTML. The Acunetix Web Vulnerability Scanner contains all the tools you’ll need to sniff out DOM XSS sources. textContent ScriptElement. setTimeout() は非同期関数です。これは、タイマー関数は関数スタック内の他の関数の実行を停止させないということです。 言い換えると、 setTimeout() を使って、関数スタックの次の関数が起動するまでの「間」を作ることはできません。 以下の例をご覧 Oct 19, 2020 · The trick to finding DOM-XSS is finding a dangerous function which accepts user input. This cushions your application against an XSS attack, and at times, you may be able to prevent it, as well. Sinks are functions or objects (e. setTimeout() just schedules (sets a timer for) a function to execute at a later time, 500ms in this case. Content Security Policy (CSP) is an added layer of security that helps to mitigate XSS. We successfully exploited this gadget on a well In order to find the source of a DOM-based XSS vulnerability before the hackers do, you’ll want to scan the client side of your web application with a DOM XSS scanner. These attacks are used for everything from data theft, to site defacement, to malware distribution. Logic is Migrating from Server to lient…. Definition. To configure a CSP, add the Content-Security-Policy HTTP header to a web page May 25, 2024 · xss根据恶意脚本的传递方式可以分为3种，分别为反射型、存储型、dom型，前面两种恶意脚本都会经过服务器端然后返回给客户端，相对dom型来说比较好检测与防御，而dom型不用将恶意脚本传输到服务器在返回客户端，这就是dom型和反射、存储型的区别，所以我 May 20, 2022 · Widespread Swagger-UI library vulnerability leads to DOM XSS attacks. This lab is vulnerable to DOM XSS via client-side prototype pollution. It means that injected JavaScript code comes from server side to execute in client side. Aug 27, 2019 · DOM-based cross-site scripting (DOM XSS) is a web vulnerability, a subtype of cross-site scripting. Of course, instead of this simple script, something more Aug 15, 2019 · The main difference between DOM based XSS and Reflected XSS is their functionality. the HTTP response) will not change, but a malicious change in the DOM environment will cause the In this case a DOM Based XSS. DOM clobbering is a technique in which you inject HTML into a page to manipulate the DOM and ultimately change the behavior of JavaScript on the page. innerText anyTag. It allows developers to manipulate HTML elements and JavaScript code Reflected XSS, where the malicious script comes from the current HTTP request. In a DOM-Based XSS attack, malicious scripts manipulate the DOM to damage operations. 输入内容长度控制，增加xss Aug 24, 2021 · Checkmarx Client DOM XSS violation in HTML. js. In your specific code, it's updating the screen with the current time every half-second (it only schedules one call, 500ms from nowbut that startTime call scheduled another ). , eval(), document. This cheat sheet helps developers prevent XSS vulnerabilities. If after the timeout value of setTimeout the div is not present, that's the end of it. DOM Based XSS (or as it is called in some texts, “type-0 XSS”) is an XSS attack wherein the attack payload is executed as a result of modifying the DOM “environment” in the victim’s browser used by the original client side script, so that the client side code runs in an “unexpected” manner. setAllowFileAccess (false);). 2) Stored XSS. You can see the messages that DOM invader has flagged as exploitable. This could be abused by an attacker to manipulate this data to include malicious JavaScript code. Mar 29, 2020 · Nothings ever completely safe, but at least in your example, it would only be exploitable for users who use severely outdated browsers (which don't URL-encode), and even that only if the app uses an outdated jquery version. Algunas vulnerabilidades XSS son causadas por el código del lado del servidor que crea de manera insegura el código HTML que forma el sitio web. Since they are of type vulnerability this is perfectly fine. If you need repeated executions, use setInterval() instead. This can happen, for example, when a user input is used to update the page's HTML or JavaScript code in some way. Right-click the browser window and select Inspect . See this question as an example. eval Function setTimeout setInterval setImmediate execScript crypto. When looking at XSS (Cross-Site Scripting), there are three generally recognized forms of XSS ): DOM Based XSS. setTimeout() is an asynchronous function, meaning that the timer function will not pause execution of other functions in the functions stack. innerHTML) that can execute or render harmful content if given malicious data. Injecting arbitrary HTML into a page. Now if we store a command on our C2 server the XSS payload can retrieve the “command” and attempt to execute it using “eval ()”. href や src属性、href属性のURLが未検証である Acunetix is a DOM-based XSS scanner – the market leader at detecting XSS vulnerabilities. Don't mutate DOM directly. May 15, 2019 · Burp Suite Enterprise Edition The enterprise-enabled dynamic web vulnerability scanner. May 12, 2021 · Now Checkmarx flags the file for the high severity issue Client DOM XSS due to the line: top. Use the clearTimeout() method to prevent the function from starting. I recommend checking the article out since I will not be explaining the basics of the method but rather diving deeper into different but helpful techniques. Examples of DOM XSS Vulnerabilities. My question is about understanding why setInterval can never be safe from XSS. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) is a type of security vulnerability or attack that occurs when a web application allows malicious users to inject malicious scripts into web pages DOM Based XSS (or as it is called in some texts, “type-0 XSS”) is an XSS attack wherein the attack payload is executed as a result of modifying the DOM “environment” in the victim’s browser used by the original client side script, so that the client side code runs in an “unexpected” manner. Mar 15, 2021 · 52. - OWASP/wstg May 20, 2015 · JavaScript Injection (XSS): Verify that JavaScript and Plugin support is disabled for any WebViews (usually the default). 3) DOM Based XSS. Jun 25, 2010 · 4. DOM-based XSS, where the vulnerability exists in client-side code rather than server-side code. Jun 10, 2019 · 与反射型xss相似，不同的是，dom型xss是前端js取出url中的恶意代码并执行，没有经过服务器。 预防xss攻击： 预防存储型和反射型 xss 攻击： 1. Burp Suite Professional The world's #1 web penetration testing toolkit. You can now access all sorts of other systems for free. js , is detailed below: Feb 9, 2020 · DOM-based Cross site Scripting (XSS) is a type of XSS where user input is written to a web pages’ Document Object Model without proper sanitization. As a result, we will be able to inject DOM-based JavaScript-injection vulnerabilities arise when a script executes attacker-controllable data as JavaScript. DOM-based cross-site scripting is a type of cross-site scripting (XSS) attack executed within the Document Object Model (DOM) of a page loaded into the browser. This way the DOM environment is being affected. That is, the page itself Mar 25, 2020 · 83. reference[id]. DOM, short for Document Object Model, is a representation of a web page’s structure and content. But, on the other hand, the reflected XSS is a type of XSS occurs when an application obtains data in an HTTP request ","","stylingDirectives":null,"colorizedLines":null,"csv":null,"csvError":null,"dependabotInfo":{"showConfigurationBanner":false,"configFilePath":null 1: ‘Pure’ DOM- Based Reflected XSS. DOM XSS is one of the most common web Jul 18, 2021 · Here's how you can prevent XSS in your application: Validate all data that flows into your application from the server or a third-party API. DOM-based XSS: is a type of XSS attack that occurs when a vulnerable web application modifies the DOM (Document Object Model) in the user's browser. Issue reported : The application's <aura:component implements="force:appHostable,flexipage:availableForAllPageTypes,lightning:isUrlAddressable" access="global" > embeds untrusted data in the generated output with url, at line 1. Feb 24, 2019 · Source is the location from which untrusted data is taken by the application (which can be controlled by user input) and passed on to the sink. Saved searches Use saved searches to filter your results more quickly Jan 14, 2023 · Armed with above information, we can clobber the attributes property, which enables us to bypass client-side filters that use it in their logic. Reflected DOM vulnerabilities occur when the server-side application processes data from a request and echoes the data in the response. Example 1: Nov 16, 2020 · Probably a simple but safe work around would be to rely a bit more on native JavaScript instead of jQuery. 对 html 做充分转义。 预防 dom 型 xss 攻击： 1. fn. It arises when an application receives data in an HTTP request and includes that data within the immediate response in an unsafe way. body. Mar 3, 2019 · DOM XSS stands for Document Object Model-based Cross-site Scripting. Reflected cross-site scripting Reflected XSS is the simplest variety of cross-site scripting. Users can be The setTimeout() is executed only once. ","","stylingDirectives":null,"colorizedLines":null,"csv":null,"csvError":null,"dependabotInfo":{"showConfigurationBanner":false,"configFilePath":null The following are some of the main sinks that can lead to DOM-XSS vulnerabilities: document. Stored XSS, where the malicious script comes from the website's database. Let’s test this out: Ohh… real life strikes again :- (. Navigation-based Sources. html. This class of XSS is distinct from Reflective XSS (type-1 XSS) and Stored XSS (type-2 XSS), since Apr 16, 2018 · The most common type of XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) is source-based. onEventName document. would cause the script to be executed in the context of the current domain for whichever user is currently using the site. This is due to a gadget in a third-party library, which is easy to miss due to the minified source code. All of this code originates on the server, which means it is the application owner's responsibility to make it safe from XSS, regardless of the type of XSS flaw it is. The DOM-based XSS is a type of XSS that processes data from an untrusted source by writing data to a potentially dangerous sink within the DOM. An attacker can execute a DOM-based cross-site scripting attack if the web application writes user-supplied information directly to the Document Object Model (DOM) and there is no sanitization. But there’s another main type, the DOM-based one, where injected malicious input does not come from server via reflected or stored means: XSS is generated in client side by native … Continue reading DOM-based XSS – The 3 Sinks Oct 27, 2015 · How does the attacker identify a site with a possible DOM based XSS vulnerability? Burp was already mentioned, this is a great tool. Yes, it is vulnerable if document. Asynchronous callbacks like the callback in setTimeout() are placed in the event queue and put on the stack by the event loop after the stack of synchronous code is empty. element. Apr 23, 2009 · setTimeout() causes the event to be ansynchronous therefore being executed after all the synchronous code, giving your element more time to load. Local File Inclusion: Verify that File System Access is disabled for any WebViews (webview. location document. Originally this term was derived from early versions of the attack that were primarily focused on stealing data cross-site. Oct 6, 2022 · I've recently gotten into web security and javascript and I think this looks like apretty promising DOM XSS: let hastagIntentos = 0 , posAnterior = 0 , reintentosHatagPos = 0; function 4. Aug 3, 2023 · Unsafe JS functions like eval(), setInterval(), setTimeout() HTML Sanitization . location = self. Some examples where user input come from are location. As time has passed by the security community has came up with lots of solutions to mitigate XSS attacks such 88. getElementById(initial_nav)). hash can lead to DOM XSS (see eg the last example here) – tim. The following jQuery functions are also sinks that can lead to DOM-XSS vulnerabilities: add() after() append() animate Reflected XSS, where the malicious script comes from the current HTTP request. – Mar 22, 2020 · dom文档. Ask Question Asked 2 years, 9 months ago. domain\x29` The setTimeout function allows the backticks to be registered, enabling the document. . The injection-point is somewhere where javascript has access. setInterval and setTimeout are part of the DOM bindings -- they are not EcmaScript builtins so are not specified in any version of EcmaScript. length, etc DOM XSS User requests an attacker-supplied URL The response does not contain the attacker’s script* setTimeout(x) setInterval(x) $(x) (jQuery) About DOM-based XSS. Mar 4, 2022 · 0. writeln anyElement. setTimeout and setInterval have a hidden feature: you can specify parameters after the timeout. Mar 25, 2024 · About DOM-based XSS[edit] DOM-based XSS (or type-0 XSS) is a type of Cross-site scripting attack that occurs when client-side scripts (such as JavaScript) manipulate the page's DOM, allowing an attacker to run JavaScript in the victim's browser. This class of XSS is distinct from Reflective XSS (type-1 XSS) and Stored XSS (type-2 XSS), since the Jun 22, 2022 · !b. fb && c && setTimeout(c, 10)} DOM Invader shows the "hitCallback" gadget inside the "setTimeout" sink: So for any website that uses this version of Google Analytics, and has a client-side prototype pollution source, it would be possible to use this gadget to gain DOM XSS on the target website. href May 16, 2016 · 其中对于变量url则是注入点：javascript:alert('dom xss'); 对于DOM XSS主要是由于本地客户端获取DOM数据在本地执行导致的，所以在编码中，要避免客户端文档重写，重定向或其它修改DOM元素操纵，对于输出至HTML中的值进行HTML编码，输出至JS中的值进行JS编码。 . write() document. generateCRMFRequest ScriptElement. Apr 21, 2010 · @Guffa: I don't think it's the same. value can be a value controlled by another user. This causes the client to run code, without the user’s knowledge or consent. My analysis show, that those rules from the “tssecurity” Repository try to prevent as much false positives as possible. loc. html Sep 19, 2017 · This element’s value then flows through the code without being properly sanitized or validated and is eventually displayed to the user in function at line 28 of . An attacker may be able to use the vulnerability to construct a URL that, if visited by another user, will cause arbitrary JavaScript supplied by the attacker to execute in the context of the user's browser session. e. It sounds easy at first, but the user input can be quite distance from the dangerous function within a long script file. Although the filter will enumerate the attributes property, it will not actually remove any attributes because the property has been clobbered with a DOM node. This enables attackers to execute malicious JavaScript, which typically allows them to hijack other users' accounts. Click each message to review it, and see if the origin, data, or source properties of the Jun 2, 2021 · DOM-based XSS, also known as Type-0 XSS, is an XSS attack in which the attack payload is executed by altering the DOM in the victim’s browser. In other words, you cannot use setTimeout() to create a "pause" before the next function in the function stack fires. I edited the answer, so now the interval is decently cleared. Protecting jQuery code against XSS is very hard, because so many jQUery functions/methods are XSS sinks. A very basic way to get started testing/understanding XSS is to ask yourself when viewing a page "What data do I control, and what data is displayed back to me?". The XSS Prevention Cheatsheet does an excellent job of addressing Reflected and Stored XSS. DOM-based XSS attacks aim to exploit the DOM in two simple steps: Create a source. This cheatsheet addresses DOM (Document Object Model) based XSS and is an extension (and assumes comprehension of) the XSS Prevention Cheatsheet. insertAdjacentHTML. User input DOM-based XSS, where the vulnerability exists in client-side code rather than server-side code. There are other situations where incorrectly using location. Communication Sources. location. With the highest SQLi and XSS detection rate in the industry, Acunetix May 30, 2022 · DOM based XSS and the “#” character. DOM-based cross-site scripting (DOM XSS) happens when data from a user-controlled source (like a username, or a redirect URL taken from the URL fragment) reaches a sink, which is a function like eval() or a property setter like . Modified 10 years, 6 months ago. Prevent javascript cross-origin redirect by window. DOM-Based Aug 9, 2020 · The solution can be broken into a few vital steps that the player must have noticed: Taking control over a method in the callback function. src ScriptElement. 方便xss与csrf的工具，并且会集成更多的好想法。 2008-04-05写的雏形，当时的定位是XSS Worm Framework，目前改进了不少，不过还远不够强大。 后端使用PHP，前端与后端的交互都AJAX化了:) Durante muchos años, DOM XSS ha sido una de las vulnerabilidades de seguridad web más frecuentes y peligrosas. Jan 13, 2024 · Understanding DOM-Based XSS. text ScriptElement. Discovering Unicode line terminators, U+2028 and U+2029. DOM-based XSS (or type-0 XSS) is a type of Cross-site scripting attack that occurs when client-side scripts (such as JavaScript) manipulate the page's DOM, allowing an attacker to run JavaScript in the victim's browser. Jul 13, 2020 · The problem with passing a string to setInterval (or setTimeout, new Function, eval, etc) is that they are functions designed to evaluate code. Viewed 3k times 1 In Checkmarx Nov 20, 2013 · How to perform a simple DOM-based XSS attack. 17. Mar 6, 2017 · Examples of easy-to-exploit sinks are eval, document. Jun 3, 2024 · Content Security Policy ( CSP) is an added layer of security that helps to detect and mitigate certain types of attacks, including Cross-Site Scripting ( XSS) and data injection attacks. onevent. Dec 27, 2019 · In my previous write-up about DOM Clobbering, I presented a solution to an XSS challenge that involved overriding a CONFIG variable via the mentioned technique. domain attribute value to be added to the displayed message. After execution of checkmarx report we are facing injection issue for one of our aura lightning component. Reflected cross-site scripting. Cross-site scripting (XSS) , the ability to inject malicious scripts into a web app, has been one of the biggest web security vulnerabilities for over a decade. Storage Sources. theform. (or as it is called in some texts, “type-0 XSS”) is an XSS attack wherein the attack payload is executed as a result of modifying the DOM “environment” in the victim’s Introduction. This lab demonstrates a reflected DOM vulnerability. In DOM-based XSS the malicious code is never sent to the server. innerHTML Range. A script on the page then processes the reflected data in an unsafe way, ultimately writing it to a dangerous sink. 4. If you can test these data points for script The OWASP Cheat Sheet Series was created to provide a concise collection of high value information on specific application security topics. This may enable a DOM XSS attack. Introduction Client XSS Sources setTimeout(payload , 100) Enter Payload. Here are three examples of DOM XSS vulnerabilities that show three types of injection points (sources) and how they result in sinks where the JavaScript is either reflected in the DOM or executed. Alsopassing a string to it when you can avoid it is bad Lab: Reflected. Intent Injection/Fuzzing: Verify actions and data are validated via an Intent Filter for Mar 14, 2019 · Hyde used the method below (taken from Brute Logic’s XSS cheat sheet) to overcome this issue: setTimeout`alert\x28document. 7. The core issue arises from a DOM-based Cross-site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability located in /html/bookmarks. Select the DOM Invader tab and then select Messages from the right-hand panel. The problematic JavaScript, part of bookmarks. 2: ‘Pure’ DOM-Based Stored XSS Store Message on Server 4: DOM-Based Stored XSS (via AJAX Message Retrieval) 3: DOM-Based Reflected XSS (via AJAX Request/Response. An xss vulnerability occurs when an input taken from the user is not filtered/santized before it's returned back to the user. 2. Burp Suite Community Edition The best manual tools to start web security testing. hideMenu = function() {. writeln() document. Client-site Code Execution/XSS. The attacker can manipulate this data to include XSS content on the web page, for example, malicious JavaScript code. Ask Question Asked 10 years, 6 months ago. Crafting a payload for arbitrary XSS execution. x. createContextualFragment window. domain. Nothing in strict mode specifically affects them. Examples of dangerous JavaScript functions include: If these functions take user controlled input, a vulnerability could occur. If the company uses something like LDAP, Kerberos, or Active Directory, you’ve just turned an XSS into the most useful tool for pivoting. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) is a misnomer. Learn more about types of cross-site scripting attacks. Since then, the term has widened to include injection of basically any content. Reflected XSS is the simplest variety of cross-site scripting. May 11, 2022 · DOM based cross site scripting occurs when JavaScript code accepts a user’s input ( source) and passes that input to another function that displays the results back to the page ( sink) in an Oct 30, 2018 · DOM Based XSS. Jul 31, 2023 · DOM-based XSS can be found where javascript takes data from user controlled fields like url setTimeout(), setInterval(), execScript() and similar functions/methods that can evaluate code. A DOM-based XSS attack is possible if the web application writes data to the DOM without proper sanitization. There are 4 different categories of sources: URL-based Sources. 改成纯前端渲染，把代码和数据分隔开。 2. write document. 0. Modified 2 years, 9 months ago. href. The Web Security Testing Guide is a comprehensive Open Source guide to testing the security of web applications and web services. CSP is designed to be fully backward compatible (except CSP Mar 2, 2018 · 5. Could some help me how to sanitize the above scenario to satisfy Checkmarx? Script as follows: Sep 1, 2023 · 0x00前言 我们友情进行XSS检查，偶然跳出个小弹窗，其中我们总结了一些平时可能用到的XSS插入方式，方便我们以后进行快速检查，也提供了一定的思路，其中XSS有反射、存储、DOM这三类，至于具体每个类别的异同之处，本文不做学术介绍，直接介绍实际的插入 Jun 2, 2020 · In DOM XSS, the input from the user (source) innerHTML,eval, setTimeout,location. Skip to Bypassing data sanitization for the techniques themselves. While a traditional cross-site scripting vulnerability exploits server-side code, document object model (DOM) based cross-site scripting is a type of vulnerability which affects the script code being executed in the client’s browser. Sources are inputs that can be manipulated by attackers, including URLs, cookies, and web messages. The typical example of how this works is with URLs. un ni im xp at uo xt vy ib yj